No VulnCrest analysis published for this CVE yet. Below is the original CNA/NVD description, unmodified.
Description
OpenVM is a performant and modular zkVM framework built for customization and extensibility. Before 1.7.0 in the 1.x line and in affected 2.0 and 2.1 prereleases, `MemoryMerkleAir` does not forbid Merkle expansion rows at `parent_height` = 0 or below while `expand_direction` != 0. A malicious prover can fabricate a subtree below a memory leaf and swap digests inside that subtree to change the committed memory root without a corresponding memory operation. The fraudulent rows still balance against the Merkle and compression buses and require no memory-bus operation for the changed leaf. Because the memory Merkle root binds VM memory state across continuation segment boundaries, this affects the soundness of OpenVM proofs using persistent memory. This issue is fixed in versions 1.7.0, 2.0.0-rc.3 and 2.1.0-preview.
Exploits & detection
No public PoC or detection template found yet.
Timeline
- Published: 30 Oct 2026
- Last modified upstream: 05 Nov 2026
Sources & licenses
- CVE / CVSS / CWE
- NVD record ↗ (unmodified). This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD. CVE® © The MITRE Corporation.
- Exploitation
- CISA KEV (CC0) · EPSS by FIRST.org
- References used for the analysis
- https://github.com/openvm-org/openvm/blob/v2.0.0-alpha/crates/vm/src/system/memory/merkle/air.rs
- https://github.com/openvm-org/openvm/blob/v2.0.0-beta.2/crates/vm/src/system/memory/merkle/air.rs
- https://github.com/openvm-org/openvm/blob/v2.1.0-dev.0/crates/vm/src/system/memory/merkle/air.rs
- https://github.com/openvm-org/openvm/commit/bb123f6073691bd2b794171c594264c77e45c376
- https://github.com/openvm-org/openvm/pull/148
- https://github.com/openvm-org/openvm/releases/tag/v1.7.0
- https://github.com/openvm-org/openvm/releases/tag/v2.0.0-rc.3
- https://github.com/openvm-org/openvm/releases/tag/v2.1.0-preview
- https://github.com/openvm-org/openvm/security/advisories/GHSA-396x-v8w4-9x82
- Analysis, summary and remediation
- © VulnCrest